Thymoma and thymic carcinoma originate within the epithelial cells of the thymus, resulting in an anterior mediastinal mass. The term thymoma is customarily used to describe neoplasms that show no overt atypia of the epithelial component. Thymic carcinoma or type C thymoma is a thymic epithelial tumor that exhibits...
Thymoma and thymic carcinoma are diseases in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the thymus. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma are two types of cancer that can form in the cells that cover the outside surface of the thymus. The thymus is a small organ in the upper chest under the breastbone. It is part of the lymph system...
The annual incidence of thyroid cancers is 4.8 to 5.9 cases per 1 million people aged 0 to 19 years, accounting for approximately 1.5% of all cancers in this age group.[ 1, 2] Thyroid cancer incidence is higher in children aged 15 to 19 years (17.6 cases per 1 million people), and it accounts for approximately 8% of all...
Thyroid cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a gland at the base of the throat near the trachea (windpipe). It is shaped like a butterfly, with a right lobe and a left lobe. The isthmus is a thin piece of tissue that connects the two lobes. It...
Primary lung tumors are rare in children and histologically quite diverse.[ 1] A review of primary malignant epithelial lung tumors using the National Cancer Data Base found that the most common primary malignant pediatric lung neoplasms were carcinoid tumors (63%) followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung...
Tracheobronchial tumor is a type of childhood lung cancer that forms in the lining of the trachea or bronchi. Most tracheobronchial tumors begin in the inside lining of the trachea (windpipe) or large bronchi (large airways of the lung). Tracheobronchial tumors form in the inside lining of the trachea or bronchi (large...
While information about vascular malformations is covered at the beginning of this summary, the remainder of this summary focuses on tumors, not malformations. Although not considered tumors, many vascular malformations are caused by targetable somatic mutations. This discovery means that pediatric oncologists will be...
Childhood vascular tumors can form anywhere in the body from abnormal blood vessel or lymph vessel cells. These tumors may be benign (not cancer) or malignant (cancer). There are many types of vascular tumors. The most common type of childhood vascular tumor is infantile hemangioma, which is a benign tumor that usually...
Learn what's safe—and what isn't—when it comes to your child and over-the-counter cold remedies.
Find out what it means to be a kid with type 2 diabetes.
A growth chart is a graph used to track a child's growth and development over time. At each of your child's well-child visits, the doctor will measure: Length (height). A baby's length is measured while lying down, from the top of the head to the bottom of the foot. Older children are measured standing up with heels...
Provides links to info on child growth and development topics. Also includes links to info on illnesses that might affect a child's health. Topics listed include immunizations, healthy eating for children, and asthma in children.
Chili pepper burns are caused by an irritating substance found in the skin of the pepper. This burn can feel like a sunburn, a throbbing and prickling feeling, or a very intense, hot pain. The best treatment is to wash the area with soap and water and then put a large amount of vegetable oil on the area for at least an...
Botanical names: Capsicum annuum var. annuum How It Works Chili peppers contain a resinous and pungent substance known as capsaicin. Topical application of capsaicin relieves pain and itching by acting on sensory nerves. 1 Capsaicin temporarily depletes “substance P”, a chemical in nerves that transmits pain sensations...
Botanical names: Scutellaria baicalensis How It Works The root of Chinese scullcap contains the flavonoid baicalin that has been shown in test tube studies to have protective actions on the liver. Anti-allergy actions and the inhibition of bacteria and viruses in test tube studies have also been documented with Chinese...
A chip or break in a tooth may occur suddenly with an injury or develop slowly over time because of wear and tear. A chip, crack, or break in the tooth enamel is less serious than one to a deeper layer of your tooth. A chip may result from grinding the teeth at night. A dentist can recommend a course of treatment for...
Chiropractic is an approach to health care that tries to relieve pain through spinal manipulation. It is most often used for back or neck pain, and sometimes it is used for headaches or for pain in the arms or legs. Spinal manipulation involves working on the head, shoulders, neck, back, or hips to help relieve pain. It...
Chiropractic, which loosely means “to treat by hand,” is a type of manipulative therapy that has been practiced in the U.S. for over 100 years. This discipline is based on the premise that function of the joints and muscles of the spine can have a profound effect upon health. Through a complex relationship with the...
Chiropractic is an approach to health care that tries to relieve pain through spinal manipulation. It is most often used for back or neck pain, and sometimes it is used for headaches or for pain in the arms or legs. Spinal manipulation involves working on the head, shoulders, neck, back, or hips to help relieve pain. It...
Doctors of chiropractic (chiropractors) use spinal manipulation, which is a treatment that uses pressure on a joint of the spine. It is used to improve pain and function. Manipulation can be done with the hands or a special device. The careful, controlled force used on the joint can range from gentle to strong, and from...
How to Use It Most human research has used 3–6 grams per day with meals. Where to Find It Chitosan is extracted from the shells of crustaceans, such as shrimp and crab. Possible Deficiencies Chitosan is not an essential nutrient, so deficiencies do not occur.
Chitosan How Much Is Usually Taken by Dieters? A double-blind Polish study found that people taking 1,500 mg of chitosan three times daily during a weight loss program lost significantly more weight than people taking a placebo with the same program. 1 Other studies using smaller amounts of chitosan have reported no...
What is chlamydia? Chlamydia (say "kluh-MID-ee-uh") is a bacterial infection spread through sexual contact. It usually infects the urethra or the cervix. If you treat chlamydia, it won't cause problems. But untreated, it can spread and lead to problems like trouble getting pregnant. What causes it? A certain kind of...
Chlamydia (say "kluh-MID-ee-uh") is an infection caused by bacteria. In many cases, it's spread through sexual contact (sexually transmitted). It's treated with antibiotics. Chlamydia often doesn't cause symptoms. When it does, they may include burning when you urinate, pain during sexual intercourse, or abnormal...
Chlamydia tests use a sample of body fluid or urine to see whether chlamydia bacteria ( Chlamydia trachomatis) are present and causing an infection. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) are used to find chlamydia infection. These tests use a sample of body fluid from areas such as the cervix, vagina, eyes, rectum, or...
Chlophedianol is a cough suppressant. It affects the signals in the brain that trigger cough reflex. Dexchlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Pseudoephedrine is a...
Chlophedianol is a cough suppressant. It affects the signals in the brain that trigger cough reflex. Phenylephrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose). Pyrilamine is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural...
Chlorambucil is used to treat several types of cancer, including Hodgkin's disease and certain types of leukemia or lymphoma. Chlorambucil may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Provides a summary of interactions with vitamins, herbs, and food
This medicine is used for the following purposes: kidney disease, cancer. Brand Name(s): Leukeran. Generic Name: Chlorambucil.
