Braces are sets of wires and brackets cemented to the teeth. Over a period of about 24 to 28 months, the wires are tightened and adjusted, gradually applying enough force to move the teeth into alignment.

What is bradycardia? Having bradycardia (say "bray-dee-KAR-dee-uh") means that your heart beats slower than normal. For most adults, a heart rate of about 60 to 100 beats a minute while at rest is considered normal. For some people, bradycardia is healthy and normal. It does not cause any symptoms or problems. In other...

Includes info on dizziness, lightheadedness, and vertigo. Also has links to multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease as well as information on diabetic neuropathy and seizures.

Briefly discusses brain aneurysm (also called cerebral aneurysm). Covers possible causes, including hardening of the arteries, hypertension, and smoking. Lists symptoms. Discusses treatment with surgery. Links to info on strokes.

A brain tumor is a growth in the brain that leads to increased pressure inside the skull and the destruction and compression of normal brain tissue, causing loss of function. A brain tumor may cause headaches and seizures, as well as many other nervous system problems. Treatment may involve radiation, chemotherapy...

Branched-Chain Amino Acids How Much Is Usually Taken by Athletes? Some research has shown that supplemental BCAAs (typically 10 to 20 grams per day) do not result in meaningful changes in body composition, 1 nor do they improve exercise performance or enhance the effects of physical training. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 However...

To do the Brandt-Daroff exercise: Start in an upright, seated position. Move into the lying position on one side with your nose pointed up at about a 45-degree angle. Remain in this position for about 30 seconds (or until the vertigo subsides, whichever is longer), then move back to the seated position. Repeat steps 2...

Braxton Hicks contractions are a painless but sometimes uncomfortable tightening of the uterus. The contractions may be mild enough to go unnoticed or may be strong enough to make the woman stop what she is doing. Braxton Hicks contractions might be considered "warm-up exercises" for the uterus during pregnancy. They...

Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 are associated with ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, male breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, and early-onset breast cancer. Prevalence ofBRCA1/2Pathogenic Variants. Several studies have assessed the frequency of BRCA1 or BRCA2...

Breakthrough pain is severe pain that comes on suddenly in people who are taking medicines that usually keep their pain under control. It "breaks through" the pain relief that a person has been getting from taking medicines for persistent or chronic pain. Breakthrough pain usually lasts for a short time, but it is very...

Provides info on breast cancer for women who have been diagnosed for the first time. Discusses symptoms and how breast cancer is diagnosed. Covers mammogram and clinical breast exam. Discusses treatment options, including mastectomy and chemotherapy.

Discusses BRCA gene test to check chances of breast cancer if your family or personal history shows a high chance for this cancer. Covers a woman's risk of breast or ovarian cancer if she has BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes. Discusses possible test results.

What is male breast cancer? Breast cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in one or both breasts. Male breast cancer usually develops in the breast tissue found behind the nipple. Male breast cancer is often a type called invasive ductal carcinoma. What causes it? The exact cause of male breast cancer isn't known, but...

Besides female sex, advancing age is the biggest risk factor for breast cancer. Reproductive factors that increase exposure to endogenous estrogen, such as early menarche and late menopause, increase risk, as does the use of combination estrogen-progesterone hormones after menopause. Nulliparity and alcohol consumption...